Installing From File

Sometimes there will be a program that is not available in the repositories, but the developers of the program (or sometimes 3rd party maintainers of certain packages) will distribute package files that can be easily installed via command line. Debian/Ubuntu based distros will easily install .deb files and RHEL based distros will easily install .rpm files. 3rd party packages are handled quite differently in Arch based systems, so we're going to assume if you are using Arch, you don't need this part of this guide. Plus, you can always check the Arch Wiki.

Debian/Ubuntu based systems use dpkg to install .deb file. So for example, lets install teamviewer, a screensharing program.

Let's start by downloading it with wget

[bradr@localhost ~]$ wget https://download.teamviewer.com/download/linux/teamviewer_amd64.deb

Now we can install it with dpkg -i

[bradr@localhost ~]$ sudo dpkg -i teamviewer_amd64.deb 
[sudo] password for bradr: 
Selecting previously unselected package teamviewer.
(Reading database ... 279108 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack teamviewer_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking teamviewer (15.37.3) ...
Setting up teamviewer (15.37.3) ...
gpg: directory '/root/.gnupg' created
gpg: keybox '/root/.gnupg/pubring.kbx' created
Processing triggers for mailcap (3.70+nmu1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.26-1ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.36.0-1ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for dbus (1.12.20-2ubuntu4.1) ...
Processing triggers for dbus-broker (29-4build1) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...

And it's just that easy